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2021年光伏发电补贴新政策，居民光伏发电最后一年政策补贴年国家发改委发布《关于2021年新能源上网电价政策有关事项的通知》，明确了2021年风电、光伏发电等新能源上网电价政策，本通知自2021年8月1日起执行。根据文件，2021年起，对新备案集中式光伏电站、工商业分布式光伏项目和新核准陆上风电项目（以下简称“新建项目”），中央财政不再补贴，实行平价上网。新建项目可自愿通过参与市场化交易形成上网电价，以更好体现光伏发电、风电的绿色电力价值。
《通知》明确，新核准（备案）海上风电项目、光热发电项目上网电价由当地省级价格主管部门制定，具备条件的可通过竞争性配置方式形成，上网电价高于当地燃煤发电基准价的，基准价以内的部分由电网企业结算。
《通知》还指出，鼓励各地出台针对性扶持政策，支持光伏发电、陆上风电、海上风电、光热发电等新能源产业持续健康发展。
此外，国家发展改革委有关负责同志就相关问题回答了记者提问。
Q：国家出台2021年上网电价政策，对促进风电、光伏发电产业加快发展有何重要作用？
价格是引导资源配置的灵敏信号。近年来，按照党中央、国务院决策部署，国家发展改革委逐步建立并完善上网电价政策，对促进风电、光伏发电产业持续健康发展发挥了重要作用。截止2020年底，我国风电、光伏发电装机达到约5.3亿千瓦，是10年前的18倍。
随着产业技术进步、效率提升，近年来新建光伏发电、风电项目成本不断下降，当前已经具备平价上网条件，行业对平价上网也形成高度共识。在此背景下，国家发展改革委出台2021年新能源上网电价政策，明确2021年起对新备案集中式光伏电站、工商业分布式光伏项目和新核准陆上风电项目（以下简称“新建项目”），中央财政不再补贴，实行平价上网，同时为支持产业加快发展，明确2021年新建项目不再通过竞争性方式形成具体上网电价，直接执行当地燃煤发电基准价，这释放出清晰强烈的价格信号，有利于调动各方面投资积极性，推动风电、光伏发电产业加快发展，促进以新能源为主体的新型电力系统建设，助力实现碳达峰、碳中和目标。
Q：按照2021年的上网电价政策，新建风电、光伏发电项目是否能实现较好的收益？
在研究制定2021年上网电价政策时，我们考虑的一个重要方面就是保障新建风电、光伏发电项目能够实现较好的收益，以充分发挥电价信号作用，合理引导投资、促进资源高效利用，推动产业高质量发展。
据测算，在执行各地燃煤发电基准价的情况下，2021年新建光伏、陆上风电项目全生命周期全国平均收益率均处于较好水平，资源条件好的省份的新建项目、技术和效率领先的新建项目能够实现更好的收益。
同时，考虑到部分用电企业希望与新能源发电企业直接开展市场交易购买绿电并支付更高价格，《通知》明确新建项目可自愿通过参与市场化交易形成上网电价，以更好体现光伏发电、风电的绿色电力价值。
Q：户用分布式光伏项目还有很大发展空间。2021年，对户用分布式光伏项目还有何支持政策？
近期，国家能源局印发《关于2021年风电、光伏发电开发建设有关事项的通知》（国能发新能〔2021〕25号），已明确2021年新建户用分布式光伏项目国家财政补贴预算额度为5亿元。下一步，将进一步细化具体实施政策，确保全年新建户用分布式光伏项目并网规模达到1500万千瓦以上。
Q：财政部已发文明确自2021年起中央财政对新建海上风电和光热发电项目不再给予补贴。2021年海上风电、光热发电上网电价政策有什么变化？
《通知》明确，2021年起新核准海上风电项目、新备案光热发电项目上网电价由当地省级价格主管部门制定，具备条件的可通过竞争性配置方式形成。这样安排，有利于各地结合当地资源条件、发展规划、支持政策等，合理制定新建海上风电、光热发电项目上网电价政策。同时，鼓励各地出台针对性扶持政策，支持海上风电、光热发电等新能源产业持续健康发展。
政策原文如下：
国家发展改革委关于2021年新能源上网电价政策有关事项的通知
发改价格〔2021〕833号
各省、自治区、直辖市发展改革委，国家电网有限公司、南方电网有限责任公司、内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公司：
为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，充分发挥电价信号作用，合理引导投资、促进资源高效利用，推动光伏发电、风电等新能源产业高质量发展，经国家能源局，现就2021年光伏发电、风电等新能源上网电价政策有关事项通知如下：
一、2021年起，对新备案集中式光伏电站、工商业分布式光伏项目和新核准陆上风电项目（以下简称“新建项目”），中央财政不再补贴，实行平价上网。
二、2021年新建项目上网电价，按当地燃煤发电基准价执行；新建项目可自愿通过参与市场化交易形成上网电价，以更好体现光伏发电、风电的绿色电力价值。
三、2021年起，新核准（备案）海上风电项目、光热发电项目上网电价由当地省级价格主管部门制定，具备条件的可通过竞争性配置方式形成，上网电价高于当地燃煤发电基准价的，基准价以内的部分由电网企业结算。
四、鼓励各地出台针对性扶持政策，支持光伏发电、陆上风电、海上风电、光热发电等新能源产业持续健康发展。
本通知自2021年8月1日起执行。
国家发展改革委
2021年6月7日
三、2021年起，新核准（备案）海上风电项目、光热发电项目上网电价由当地省级价格主管部门制定，具备条件的可通过竞争性配置方式形成，上网电价高于当地燃煤发电基准价的，基准价以内的部分由电网企业结算。
四、鼓励各地出台针对性扶持政策，支持光伏发电、陆上风电、海上风电、光热发电等新能源产业持续健康发展。
本通知自2021年8月1日起执行。
国家发展改革委
2021年6月7日
The National Development and Reform Commission issued the notice on the new energy on-grid price policy in 2021, which clarified the 2021 wind power, photovoltaic power and other new energy on-grid price policy. This notice will be implemented from August 1, 2021. According to the document, starting in 2021, the central government will no longer subsidize newly registered centralized photovoltaic power stations, industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic projects and newly approved onshore wind power projects (hereinafter referred to as "new projects") and implement affordable Internet access. New projects can voluntarily participate in market transactions to form the feed-in price, so as to better reflect the green power value of photovoltaic and wind power generation.
The notice makes it clear that the on-grid price of newly approved offshore wind power projects and solar-thermal power generation projects shall be set by local provincial price authorities, and can be set through competitive allocation if conditions permit. If the on-grid price is higher than the local benchmark price of coal-fired power generation, the part within the benchmark price shall be settled by the grid enterprises.
Local governments are encouraged to introduce targeted support policies to support the sustainable and healthy development of new energy industries such as photovoltaic power, onshore wind power, offshore wind power and solar thermal power, the circular said.
In addition, relevant officials of the National Development and Reform Commission answered questions from the press.
Q: What is the important role of China's 2021 feed-in tariff policy in accelerating the development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation industry?
Price is the sensitive signal that guides resource allocation. In recent years, in accordance with the decisions and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission has gradually established and improved the feed-in tariff policy, which has played an important role in promoting the sustainable and healthy development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation industries. By the end of 2020, China's installed wind and photovoltaic power generation capacity reached about 530 million kilowatts, 18 times that of 10 years ago.
With the improvement of industrial technology and efficiency, the cost of new photovoltaic power generation and wind power projects has been declining in recent years. The conditions for affordable Internet access have been met, and the industry has formed a high consensus on affordable Internet access. Under this background, the National Development and Reform Commission issued new energy feed-in tariff policy in 2021, clear for the new record since 2021, the centralized distributed photovoltaic pv power stations, industry and commerce and approved the new onshore wind power projects (hereinafter referred to as the "new project"), the central fiscal subsidies, no longer a parity on the Internet, at the same time to support the development of the industry to speed up, Clear 2021 new project through a competitive way no longer form a specific tariff, direct execution local coal-fired benchmark, this release a clear strong price signal, favorable to arousing the initiative of all aspects of investment, to promote wind power, speed up the development of photovoltaic industry, promote new energy as the main body of the construction of new power system, power achieve carbon peak, carbon neutral.
Q: According to the feed-in tariff policy in 2021, can new wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects achieve good returns?
In the study and formulation of the 2021 feed-in tariff policy, an important aspect of our consideration is to ensure that new wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects can achieve good returns, so as to give full play to the role of electricity price signals, reasonably guide investment, promote efficient utilization of resources, and promote high-quality industrial development.
According to estimates, with the implementation of local coal-fired power benchmark prices, the national average return rates of new photovoltaic and onshore wind power projects in the whole life cycle in 2021 will be at a good level, and new projects in provinces with good resource conditions and new projects with advanced technology and efficiency will achieve better returns.
At the same time, considering that some electricity enterprises want to directly conduct market transactions with new energy power generation enterprises to purchase green electricity and pay higher prices, the Circular clearly states that new projects can voluntarily form the feed-in price through participating in market transactions, so as to better reflect the green power value of photovoltaic power generation and wind power.
Q: There is still a lot of room for development of household distributed photovoltaic projects. What are the policies to support residential distributed pv projects in 2021?
Recently, the National Energy Administration issued the Notice on the Development and Construction of Wind power and PHOTOVOLTAIC Power Generation in 2021 (State Energy Development Xinneng (2021) No. 25), which has clarified that the budget amount of national financial subsidies for new household distributed photovoltaic projects in 2021 is 500 million yuan. In the next step, specific implementation policies will be further refined to ensure that the annual grid connection scale of distributed photovoltaic projects for new residential use reaches more than 15 million kW.
Q: The Ministry of Finance has issued a document stating that starting from 2021, the central government will no longer provide subsidies for new offshore wind power and solar thermal power generation projects. What will be the changes to the on-grid tariff policy for offshore wind power and solar thermal power in 2021?
According to the notice, starting in 2021, the on-grid price of newly approved offshore wind power projects and newly registered solar thermal power projects will be set by local and provincial pricing authorities, and those with conditions can be set through competitive allocation. This arrangement is conducive to the reasonable formulation of feed-in tariff policies for new offshore wind power and solar thermal power generation projects in accordance with local resource conditions, development plans and support policies. At the same time, local governments will be encouraged to introduce targeted support policies to support the sustained and sound development of new energy industries such as offshore wind power and solar thermal power.
The policy reads as follows:
Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on the new Energy Feed-in tariff policy in 2021
The price (2021) is No. 833
Development and Reform Commissions of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, State Grid Co., LTD., China Southern Power Grid Co., LTD., Inner Mongolia Electric Power (Group) Co., LTD.
For the implementation of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council decision deployment, fully give play to the role of electricity price signal, guide rational investment, promote efficient utilization of resources, to promote high quality photovoltaic power generation, wind power and other new energy industry development, the National Energy Administration, now 2021, photovoltaic power generation, wind power and other new energy feed-in tariff policy matters related to notice the following:
1. Starting from 2021, for newly registered centralized photovoltaic power stations, industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic projects and newly approved onshore wind power projects (hereinafter referred to as "new projects"), the central government will no longer provide subsidies and implement affordable Internet access.
Ii. The on-grid price of new projects in 2021 shall be based on the local benchmark price of coal-fired power generation; New projects can voluntarily participate in market transactions to form the feed-in price, so as to better reflect the green power value of photovoltaic and wind power generation.
Iii. Starting from 2021, the on-grid price for new approved (archival) offshore wind power projects and solar-thermal power generation projects will be set by local provincial price authorities, and can be set through competitive allocation if conditions permit. If the on-grid price is higher than the local benchmark price for coal-fired power generation, the part within the benchmark price will be settled by power grid enterprises.
4. Encourage local governments to introduce targeted support policies to support the sustainable and healthy development of new energy industries such as photovoltaic power generation, onshore wind power, offshore wind power and solar thermal power generation.
This notice will take effect on August 1, 2021.
National Development and Reform Commission
June 7, 2021
Iii. Starting from 2021, the on-grid price for new approved (archival) offshore wind power projects and solar-thermal power generation projects will be set by local provincial price authorities, and can be set through competitive allocation if conditions permit. If the on-grid price is higher than the local benchmark price for coal-fired power generation, the part within the benchmark price will be settled by power grid enterprises.
4. Encourage local governments to introduce targeted support policies to support the sustainable and healthy development of new energy industries such as photovoltaic power generation, onshore wind power, offshore wind power and solar thermal power generation.
This notice will take effect on August 1, 2021.
National Development and Reform Commission
June 7, 2021